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Urdu is the official language of Pakistan. It is derived from the older Hindustani language, and the written form uses Persian-Arabic letters.

The Islamic Republic of Pakistan is a south Asian country with Afghanistan to its north and India to its south. Urdu is a member of the Indic family of languages, which includes other languages spoken by culture groups in Pakistan, India, and Sri Lanka.

Urdu is recognized by Pakistan as the official language and it is the fifth most common language spoken in the country.

Pakistan and India have a complicated relationship, and so do their official languages of Urdu and Hindi (one of India’s many official languages). Both languages come from the older Hindustani language, and Hindustani is still used to collectively refer to both languages.

Spoken Urdu and Hindi are so similar that they are often considered to be “sister languages” and speakers of the two languages can easily understand each other. However, the Urdu written language is based on Arabic script and Persian vocabulary, while Hindi’s written language is based on Sanskrit. Urdu is written and read from right to left, while Hindi is written and read left to right.

Urdu is spoken as a first language by 8 percent of Pakistan’s population. Worldwide, Urdu is spoken by about 100 million people. Outside of Pakistan, it is most common in countries with large Pakistani communities, such as those in India, Bangladesh, and countries in the Middle East. Spoken Urdu and Hindi still remain very similar, although the relations between Pakistan and India remain tense.

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Did you know you speak some Urdu words already? Learn about some of the words in English that come from Urdu and Hindi.

The word Urdu comes from the Hindustani, Persian, and Turkic words for “camp.” The “camp” referred to is the army camps of the various rulers who conquered the area where the language was spoken. Despite the name, spoken Urdu was spoken even by members of the royal courts and the highest classes of society.

This video demonstrates spoken and written Urdu as compared to Hindi.

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Urdu is most familiar to Pakistan natives or people of Pakistani heritage. The Urdu language is also often involved in the complex cultural situation of the Indian subcontinent.

Last weekend I went back to the community clinic I grew up in and vaccinate over 50 community members as a fourth-year medical student. I got to counsel patients in Urdu, Punjabi, Hindi and Spanish regarding side effects and efficacy. Also celebrated with so many ♥️

— Farsam Fraz (@farsamfraz)

"Bismillah" with Urdu in ICSE exam next year. In a first, 12 La Martiniere College students in Lucknow��set to appear in class 10 Board exam
2022��with Urdu as their optional subject in place of Hindi

— Rajeev Mullick (@rmulko)

• Pakistan
• Hindustani
• Hindi
• Arabic
• Persian
• Delhi
• Mughal

True or False?

The Urdu language is based on Sanskrit.