�y��vlog

Instead, the interplay among electronic and nuclear motions can lead to quite complicated vibronic levels and mixing between electronic and vibrational wavefunctions34, 35, 36, 37.

A range of phenomena result, collectively called vibronic coupling.

Delocalization via vibronic coupling can be robust to environmental fluctuations and it provides an opportunity for chemical design because the underlying vibrational resonances are readily be tuned by structure.

Vibronic transitions are crucial for enhancing energy transfer rates, as evident in the Förster spectral overlap, because they provide many combinations of energy differences.

Recent work has examined the implications of these delocalized vibronic states for 2D spectroscopy and light-harvesting mechanisms38, 40, 41, 42, 43.