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"The work is terrific," says Christopher Germain, a violinmaker in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and a member of the board of the Violin Society of America, who was not involved in the study.

In 2014, Claudia Fritz, a musical acoustician at Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, and Joseph Curtin, a leading violinmaker in Ann Arbor, Michigan, reported that in a double-blind test with 13 modern instruments and nine Old Italians, 10 elite violinists generally preferred the new violins to the old.

Violinmaker Marco Brunelli, 43, was born in Rochester, Minnesota, United States, checks the shape of a violin inside his lab in Pavia, Italy, Friday, April 15, 2016.

Nothing has changed for centuries,” the violinmaker Philippe Devanneaux, who came to Cremona from Paris 34 years ago, told me during a recent visit.

“The secret of the Cremona violin is the weight,” said Giovanni Colonna, violinmaker and lutherie director at the Academia Cremonensis.